The answer may help U.S. planners anticipate and spot Beijing’s next moves. China has surely been watching as Russia and Iran have used non-state actors to pursue their strategic objectives in Ukraine, Gaza, and elsewhere. What lessons might Beijing have drawn, and how might we see them applied? The Kremlin …

Russia, China, Iran, and North Korea each exist within the contours of a loose partnership aligned against the United States and Washington’s Western allies, cooperating to various degrees to blunt American hegemony and position themselves to succeed in strategic competition.China has been observing Russian and Iranian tactics, techniques, and procedures …

Since the October 7 Hamas attack, U.S. and allied officials have added economic sanctions on Iran and its “Axis of Resistance” partners to counter their efforts to support Hamas.Sanctions have been targeted primarily at facilitators that help Iran develop missiles and armed drones and which generate and move funds and …