Introduction The Russo-Ukrainian War, if dated to Russia’s illegal annexation of Crimea, is the longest running conflict in Europe since the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars (1792-1815). It may come to resemble not just these wars in duration and social destruction, but the Thirty Years War (1618-1648) as well. One …

Growing tensions surrounding the Russia-Ukraine war risk bringing the conflict within NATO’s borders, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has warned. “We do not disregard the risk of the Russia-Ukraine war spreading to a wider region,” Erdogan told Newsweek in an exclusive interview. “Allegations of sabotage and hybrid activities in Europe …

More amenable partners Poland, on the other hand, as Ukraine’s strongest ally in the region, was represented by Prime Minister Donald Tusk and showed the clearest interest in the C8 format. For Poland, the appeal of the C8 appears to lie in the overlap between security and cross-border infrastructure. Projects …