Turkey’s President Recep Tayyip Erdogan is pressed by a collapsing national currency, falling domestic popularity, and regional competition. Erdogan’s fiscal policies have arguably worsened the domestic economic situation Opponents of Erdogan might defeat him in the next election, particularly if Turkey’s economic problems continue to linger and potentially worsen. Turkey’s …

The need for human intelligence (HUMINT) never wanes, but the risks are evolving as new surveillance technologies proliferate. HUMINT in the age of ubiquitous cameras and biometrics is a challenge for all intelligence agencies, operatives, and sources. From alias travel through airports with biometrics to constant tracking by phone, there …

Iran’s SCO membership is the country’s first experience in joining a regional organization with a defense-security nature and function since its withdrawal from CENTO in 1979. Twenty-six years after Iran’s Islamic Revolution and withdrawal from the Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) in 1979, and four years after the formation of the …