In September 2021, we launched a special series of articles, reports, videos and podcasts by Crisis Group experts on the impact of al-Qaeda’s 9/11 attacks and the U.S.-led “war on terror”. These cover how Islamist militancy and the military operations aimed at defeating militant groups have both reverberated in Washington …

My friend Arthur telephoned me one summer morning in 2003, when I had just returned from Iraq, which had fallen into U.S. hands that April. Arthur was head of the refugee program at the Lawyers’ Committee for Human Rights. A decade earlier, he and I had travelled together to Iraq, …

Across Europe a war of ideas and principles has taken place since the European migrant crisis of 2015, when 1.3 million people entered in the European Union space and requested asylum. With a civil strife in the Middle East, the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq as well as perilous environments …