In the past few days, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) announced the state of the general call, calling on Kurds around the world to go to Syria to defend what was described as its “last strongholds.” This call has received a clear positive interaction, especially among the radical left, a …

The rapid shifts unfolding in the Euphrates region offer a textbook illustration of what political-science literature terms the “end of functional roles” for non-state actors. After years of military and political expansion, the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) have arrived at a moment of structural unravelling and dissolution into the institutions …

In Syrian political discourse since 2012, the concepts of federalism and political decentralization have been presented as technical solutions to a chronic governance crisis, or as “rational” exits for managing diversity and containing collapse. However, this framing, despite its superficial appeal, ignores the true context from which these projects emerged. …